Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS or HAD Scale)

Original Citation – Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale . Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983 Jun;67(6):361-70. View in PubMed Contact Information – No information found Price & Availability – Available from instrument website along with user's manual (complete set) £65.00. Manual only, £22.50. Record Forms only £45.00. Also published in original citation. Brief Description of Instrument – Self-report questionnaire which measures depression and generalised anxiety. Useful in hospital, out-patient and community settings. Various translations available, please see instrument website for details. Administration time – Instrument website reports 2 to 5 minutes. Scale Format – 4-point Likert rating scale. Response options vary. Administration Technique – Self-administered questionnaire. Scoring and Interpretation – See user's manual for details. Reverse coding required. Cut-off scores given for degrees of depression (non case, doubtful care, case). Factors and Norms – Anxiety and depression subscales. Normative data provided in user's manual. Internal Consistency – Calculated Spearman correlations between each item and the total